Western analysts say the attacks on energy infrastructure so far have had a serious — but not crippling — effect. Ukrainian drones have repeatedly hit 16 major Russian refineries, representing about 38% of the country’s nominal refining capacity, according to a recent review by the Carnegie Endowment, a U.S.-based think tank.

A 55-year-old man has been killed and three civilians injured, including an eight-year-old girl, in a Russian drone attack on the city of Pavlohrad in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Details: In the Nikopol district,

Reports from Russia indicate that a drone attack targeted an oil refinery in the city of Saratov. — Ukrinform.

Russia has launched one of its largest air assaults on Ukraine, killing at least 15 civilians and wounding 20 in a wave of overnight drone and missile strikes. Ukraine’s Air Force reported over 1,500 drones,

In the city of Kherson, in southern Ukraine, small drones routinely target ordinary people by dropping hand grenades, and record video documenting their attacks, a U.N. commission reported.

Ukraine has received more American-made Patriot air defence systems to help it counter Russia’s daily barrages, President Volodymyr Zelensky said. It came as Russian drones killed a man and injured five of his family members, including two children, in the latest night-time attack.

October is coming to an end and as winter approaches, many Ukrainians find themselves more vulnerable than ever in the face of mounting Russian air attacks. In Kyiv, Russian combined missile and drone attacks routinely result in mass casualty events.