Wildlife faults often produce electrical signatures similar to direct conductor contact, making diagnosis challenging without ...

Analog Devices references guard shields around their op amps as well as the printed circuit traces [1]. These traces are called guard rings; they circle and shield critical circuits. Another ...

A time domain reflectometer (TDR) measures reflections along a cable. It is similar in principle to radar. To measure those reflections, the TDR transmits an incident signal into the cable and watches ...

The most different aspect between a normal lamination structure and High-Density Fan-out (HDFO) is the routing scale. That aspect is also the challenge and focus of this study. At an HDFO scale, most ...

When applications become more complex, higher data rates or high frequencies are required. However, with increasing functions, more power dissipation will be generated. Furthermore, temperature is ...

The 50-ohm impedance is standard in RF design, while 75 ohms is also used, so it’s important to understand the attributes of each and not confuse them. One of the issues that beginning electronic ...

A plasma mutual impedance probe is a diagnostic that measures plasma parameters, such as electron density and electron temperature, by fitting a plasma impedance model to the real and imaginary ...

In this look at transmission line theory, we will assume an RG-58 type of coaxial cable which has a characteristic impedance of 50 Ω. Where we let C stand for the capacitance per unit length, 30 pF ...

Abstract: During the pulsed discharge process in water, the impedance characteristics of the plasma channel can be influenced by adjusting electrical parameters, electrode spacing, pressure levels, ...

Front-end analysis can help estimate the proper hatch opening – if any – for a flex PCB. Flex PCB and rigid-flex PCB designers are aware of the typical lack of ground planes in a flex design. Due to ...