Ionic liquids have emerged as versatile and sustainable solvents in the arena of liquid–liquid extraction and separation processes. Their unique properties—such as negligible vapour pressure, high ...

Centrifugal contactors represent an advanced class of equipment optimising liquid–liquid extraction through the use of centrifugal forces to enhance mass transfer between immiscible phases. These ...

Running samples on any chromatography instrument involves sample preparation as a fundamental process. For even the highest quality instruments, sample clean-up is crucial in obtaining the best ...