In the Middle Ages, urine was not just waste — it was a valuable resource used in washing clothes, dyeing fabric, tanning ...

In the Middle Ages, one of the most common medical treatments involved deliberately removing blood from the body. Known as bloodletting, this practice was based on the belief that illness was caused ...

Interior of a Doctor's House - from reproduction of a miniature from 'Epistre de Othea' by Christine de Pisan, c. 1430. In recent years, the quest for eternal life has become big business, as a ...